【摘要】 为给铅同位素示踪技术在判别土壤、大气、水体和人体中铅与相关重金属污染来源,区别汽车尾气铅污染和工业铅污染等方面的应用提供科学依据。通过大量的对比条件实验,拟出了土壤、煤、汽车尾气和气溶胶样品中铅同位素比值的测定方法。利用这三个流程分别测定了采自杭州茶园的土壤及茶园附近的煤、汽车尾气和气溶胶样品的铅同位素比值,其中207Pb/206Pb的精度(2σ)均优于±0.03%。重复样误差优于±0.05%2。08Pb强度一般均在1V以上,有的高达8 V以上。监控分析流程的国际标准物质NBS981的207Pb/206Pb为0.91449±0.00004。全流程本底铅为10-8数量级。更多还原

【Abstract】 To lay a foundation for the application of Pb isotope trace to differentiating among lead and relevant heavy metals in soil,air,water,human and distinguishing mobile exhaust lead pollution from industrial lead pollution,three sets of methods of measuring Pb isotope compositions in soils、coal、mobile exhausts and aerosols were estallished after a large number of comparison and conditional experiments.With these methods,Pb isotopic ratios in soils gathered from the tea gardens in Hangzhou and in coal,mobile exhausts and aerosols gathered from the vicinity were determined.The standard deviations in 2σ of（）²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb of these samples are better than ±0.03%.The errors of repeated samples are better than ±0.05%.The intensities of most ²⁰⁸Pb（ions） are higher than 1 V,some more than 8 V.The National Bureau of Standards SRM981 monitoring the（analysis） procedures gave the following result:（）²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb=0.91449±0.00004,the national standard（reference） value of NBS981 is 0.91464±0.00033.Processing blanks ranged from 18 to 24ng of lead.更多还原