【摘要】 用硝酸锌Zn(NO3 )2·4H2O和六亚甲基四胺 (CH2 )6N4,通过化学溶液法在玻璃衬底上生长出ZnO六角形亚微米和微米棒(长 5~6μm,直径 0. 8 ~5μm)。生长时间达两天后,ZnO棒呈中空六角形微米管。测量了样品的X射线衍射(XRD)谱,扫描电镜像和喇曼光谱。ZnO微米棒的光致发光为橙红色宽谱带发射(峰值 630nm, 半峰全宽 250nm), 其激发光谱除带间本征激发(短于 370nm)外,还有很强的在导带底附近的室温激子激发峰(峰值 387nm,半峰全宽 30nm)。而阴极射线发光有两个发射峰,橙色宽谱带强峰 (峰值580nm,半峰全宽约为140nm)是缺陷发光峰,近紫外窄谱带弱峰(峰值 395nm,半峰全宽约为 20nm)是激子发光峰。更多还原

【Abstract】 Various size ZnO hexagonal microrods have been synthesized onto glass substrates through aqueous growth method with the thermal decomposition of an aqueous solution of equimolar zinc nitrate（Zn（NO₃）₂·（4H₂O）） and methenamine （（CH₂）₆N₄） by controlling the experimental conditions. The ZnO microrods grow from one center to form radial clusters, which consist of more than 2 pair rods symmetrically grown from the center to both sides, and the rods have a flat top end perpendicularly. When the growth time reached two days, we found that the microrods turned into hollow microtubes with the tube-thickness of tenth of diameter. XRD patterns, SEM images, Raman spectrum have been measured, which revealed all samples were hexa-（gonal） microrods of ZnO with length of 5～6 μm and diameter of 0.8～5 μm. The Raman spectrum showed four peaks at 332.2, 377.6, 435.4 and 577.8 cm^-1, assigned to the 2E₂,A₁,E₂ and E₁（LO）modes, （respectively.） The growth mechanism is discussed, Zn（NO₃）₂ dissolves and forms growth units of tetrahedron Zn-（OH）₄ under the reaction of the surface activator （CH₂）₆N₄, then the incorporation of growth units leads to the formation of the ZnO crystal lattice at the interface through a dehydration reaction (OH^-+OH^-（H₂O+）O^2-). The fastest of the growth velocity along [0001] direction leads to the formation of the ZnO microrods. The excitation spectra showed that except the intrinsic inter-band excitation of shorter than 370 nm, there was a strong exciton excitation peak located at 387 nm with FWHM 30 nm at room temperature. The photoluminescent spectra showed that there was a wide orange-red emission with peak at 630 nm and FWHM 250 nm when the excitaion wavelength at 387 nm. The cathodoluminescent spectra showed a strong orange （emission） peak at 580 nm with FWHM 140 nm and a weak UV emission peak at 395 nm with FWHM 20 nm. Compared with the calculated data of these intrinsic defects by the literature with the theory of FP-LMTO, we （attribute） the orange-red and red emission to the luminescent transition from oxygen vacancies to the valence band.更多还原