【摘要】 背景与目的肺癌是世界上一个重大的公共卫生问题,在我国肺癌是大中城市中恶性肿瘤的第一死因,且发病率和死亡率增长迅速。其中女性肺癌死亡率正逐年上升,而病例中以非吸烟者占多数,其危险因素尚不清楚。本研究通过流行病学调查来研究女性肺癌发生的危险因素。方法采用以医院患者为基础的病例-对照研究方法,包括女性肺癌患者618人,对照872人,进行流行病学调查。内容包括人口特征、被动吸烟史、烹饪油烟暴露史、燃料种类、煤烟暴露、亲属患癌史、职业史与饮食史等。结果女性肺癌患者与对照组比较,儿童时期被动吸烟(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.46~2.24)、烹饪油烟暴露(OR=3.18,95%CI=2.55~3.97)、煤烟暴露(OR=2.56,95%CI=1.83~4.55)、肺部疾病史(OR=1.80,95%CI=1.43~2.27)、肺结核史(OR=1.63,95%CI=1.31~2.03)、肿瘤家族史(OR=2.09,95%CI=1.46~3.00)和肺癌家族史(OR=2.46,95%CI=1.55~3.90)是危险因素。结论本研究显示儿童时期被动吸烟、烹饪油烟暴露、煤烟暴露、肺部疾病史、肺结核史及肿瘤或肺癌家族史是非吸烟女性肺癌的危险因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Background and objective Lung cancer is a serious health problem in public. Its morbidity and mortality have been increasing rapidly. The mortality of lung cancer in women also increases year by year, in which most of the cases are non-smoking women, and the risk factors still are unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the effects of air pollution in room, passive smoking and other factors on risk of lung cancer. Methods A total of 618 newly diagnosed female patients with primary lung cancer were enrolled. The controls were selected randomly in the general population in urban districts. Two trained interviewers performed this interview face-to-face using the same questionnaire. The content of questionnaire included the characteristics of demography, history of passive smoking, exposed history of cooking fume, fuel exposure, exposed history of coal fume, history of using ‘Kang’, pulmonary disease history, cancer history of relatives and occupational history. Results Passive smoking in childhood was related with lung cancer of non-smoking women (OR= 1.81 , 95%CI=1.46--2.24). The exposure to the cooking fume was of great significance (OR=3.18, 95%CI= 2.55 --3.97). The relationship between coal fume and lung cancer was significant (OR=2.56, 95%CI= 1.83 --4.55). The pulmonary disease history including tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, emphysema was strongly associated with lung cancer (OR=1.80, 95%CI=1.43--2.27). The family history of cancer significantly increased the risk of lung cancer (OR=2.09, 95%CI=1.46--3.00), especially the lung cancer history in the first relatives (OR=2.46, 95%CI=1.55--3.90). After adjusting other factors, logistic analysis showed that cooking fume (OR=4.11, 95%CI=2.14--7.89), the pulmonary disease history (OR= 2.05 , 95%CI=1.08--3.93), and the family history of lung cancer (OR=2.89, 95%CI=1.30--6.41) were significant factors. Conclusion The results show that passive smoking in childhood, cooking oil exposure, coal fume exposure, pulmonary disease history including tuberculosis and family history of lung cancer are risk factors of lung cancer in non-smoking women.更多还原