【摘要】 紫茎泽兰为世界性的恶性杂草,严重影响了世界30多个国家的农、林、牧、副业的发展。本文利用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜对紫茎泽兰的茎、叶、花、果实及种子等各种器官表皮微形态特征进行了比较观察。结果表明:气孔器分布于叶的远轴面、茎表皮和总苞片的远轴面,其中在叶的远轴面上具两型性气孔器。单列多细胞表皮毛在叶的远轴面、茎表皮、总苞片的远轴面和花瓣的远轴面均有分布。具两列柄细胞的腺毛分布于总苞片的远轴面,而具单列柄细胞的腺毛见于花瓣的远轴面和茎表面。在花瓣的近轴面和柱头表面有长乳突状细胞。通过对其不同器官表面微形态性状的进一步统计分析表明,各种器官的表皮细胞大小、气孔开口度与间距、表皮毛与乳突状细胞的长度及间距等均存在显著性差异。上述观察结果,为进一步探讨外来恶性杂草紫茎泽兰的生态分布和生活习性,以及检疫部门鉴定该种植物提供重要依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Eupatorium adenophorum is a poisonous weed, and has become an invasive weed in pasture, forestry and in cultivated crops in more than 30 countries and areas in the world. The epidermal micromorphological characters of different organs of E. adenophorum were studies by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy. The results showed that stomata apparatus distributed in the abaxial leaf epidermis, stem epidermis, abaxial involucrum epidermis and abaxial petal epidermis; Stomata apparatus dimorphism exists in abaxial leaf epidermis; uniseriate trichomes were in the abaxial leaf epidermis, stem epidermis, abaxial involucrum epidermis and abaxial petal epidermis; glandular trichome, having two-row stalk and multicellular head, was distributed in abaxial involucrum epidermis; glandular trichome, having uniseriate stalk and multicellular head, was distributed in abaxial petal epidermis and stem epidermis; papillary cells existed in adaxial petal epidermis and stigmas. Moreover, statistical analysis indicated that there were significant differences between the size of epidermal cell of different organs, between their hatch length or density of stomata, between their length or density of epidermal trichome, and between the length or density of adaxial petal papillary cells and of stigmas papillary cells. Therefore, It might be concluded that the epidermal micromorphological characters could be used to identify this species as they are related to its ecological behaviour and ecological distribution closely.更多还原