【摘要】 从氢的生产、储运和应用三个方面概述了氢经济面临的机遇和挑战:氢的生产技术有化石燃料重整、太阳能制氢、生物制氢、热能制氢等;储氢方式和储氢材料有高压气瓶储氢、固体储氢材料(主要是金属和复合氢化物材料、纳米结构材料);氢的应用方面主要介绍了两种燃料电池技术,质子交换膜燃料电池和固体氧化物燃料电池。人类在这些方面已取得很大的进展,但是人类离氢经济的实现尚有不小的距离。发展可持续的制氢技术、高密集的储氢材料和先进的燃料电池技术是实现氢经济的关键。最后指出实现氢经济对中国的意义更大。更多还原

【Abstract】 The hydrogen production, storage and application were reviewed and the opportunities and challenges for hydrogen economy were analyzed. Hydrogen can be produced from fossil fuels, solar energy, biological and biomimetic systems, and thermal energy; it can be stored in high-pressure-resistant gas tank and solid state hydrogen storage materials; proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) were introduced as the main application of hydrogen. Great advancement in hydrogen economy has been gained, but it still has a long distance to go to realize it. Sustainable hydrogen production methods, hydrogen storage materials with high energy density and advanced fuel cell technology are key to hydrogen economy. Finally, realization of hydrogen economy is more significant for China.更多还原