【摘要】 针对一类可以由带有纯时间延迟的一阶模型来近似描述的被控对象,运用参数寻优及曲线拟合等方法得到了一组基于被控对象特征参数的PID控制器最佳设定公式.仿真结果表明:应用该方法所设计的PID控制系统具有超调小、调整时间短、稳态误差小等特点,系统的动态特性较以往的经验公式有了大幅度提高.即使当对象纯滞后时间与时间常数的比值较大时仍然具有较好的控制效果.该方法简洁实用,不仅解决了常规PID控制系统参数整定不良的难题,同时也为进一步构造基于过程特征参数的自适应PID控制系统提供了有力的依据.更多还原

【Abstract】 For a class of controlled plants that can be approximately described as a first order model with pure time-lag, a set of optimal expressions based on the characteristic parameters of the controlled plant are proposed by way of parameter optimizing, data fitting and so forth to tune the parameters of PID controller. Testing results indicated that the PID control system designed in this way has such good characteristics as short adjusting time, small overturning and small static error especially the dynamic characteristics which are more excellent than from any other empirical Formulae. In addition, its control effect will remain unchanged even if the ratio of pure time-lag to time constant of the controlled plant is big. Being simple and easy to implement, the approach proposed will not only solve the problem that the tuning effect on conventional PID parameters is improper but also provide a sound foundation for building further a self-adaptive PID control system based on the latent process parameter.更多还原