【摘要】 对鸭茅生理、生态及育种的国内外研究进展进行综述。结果显示,鸭茅适宜于气候凉爽(日均温低于25℃)、土壤水分充足(田间持水量78%~84%)、土壤肥力较高(含氮量为60~80mg/kg土,N、P、K比率为6∶1∶2)的生境,且短日照和低温条件有利于诱导开花。鸭茅的耐盐性较差,抗寒性及抗病性则因原产地不同而差异显著,对夏季干旱表现为半休眠和不适应。但鸭茅竞争适应能力较强,可与部分豆科草和禾本科草形成稳定、高产的混生群落,适宜放牧、刈割,且通过人工摘顶可提高人工草地中鸭茅种群的适应性。近20年来,通过抗性选育、组织培养及转基因技术等方法已经获得大量优良的品种。我国鸭茅栽培应用日益广泛,但严重缺乏相应配套技术和满足生产不同需求的品种。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on a literature review of Dactylis glomerata, much progress has been made over the last 20 years in the understanding of its physiology, ecology and reproductive abilities. Comparatively, Dactylis glomerata. can best adapt to mild habitats, which feature an average daily temperature of less than 25C, with moist and fertile soil that has a natural water content of 78%-84% and an N content of 60-80 mg/kg, with a NPK ratio of 612. Short sunshine and low temperature is known to be beneficial to its florescence. Dactylis glomerata L.acts has a poor salt resistance and its cold and disease resistance vary for original distributions. Meanwhile, it presents as half dormancy and inadaptability in draught summer time. Dactylis glomerata. shows high competitiveness capacity so that it can perform well when intercropped with Trifolium pratense and Lolium perenne. Recently, many varieties have been produced through resistance breeding, tissue culture and gene transplantation. Due to Dactylis glomerata increasingly extensive application in China, further research and development should be conducted to determine how to most effectively use it.更多还原