【摘要】 电化学研究和蓄电池测试中常要用参比电极。在硫酸体系和铅酸蓄电池有关的研究中,常用硫酸亚汞(Hg/Hg2SO4)电极和镉电极作参比电极。前者常用于实验室的准确测量,它的缺点是价高、易碎和易造成环境污染。镉电极使用方便,但准确度较差。更多还原

【Abstract】 The reference electrodes are used for electrochemistry research and battery measurement.The mercury/mercurous sulfate or cadmium sticks have been widely used as reference electrodes to measure the potentials of lead or lead dioxide electrodes.The mercury/mereurous sulfate reference electrod has the advantages of accuracy,but it has some shortages like high price,easy to be broken and pollution.There is a pollution problem of using cadmium too,although the cadmium stick is easy to be used in lead/acid battery research.The preparation of silver-silver sulfate reference electrode and its behavior and application in lead/acid batteries are depicted in this paper.Even the solubility of the silver sulfate is not negligible and silver ion could contaminate the solution,a practical silver-silver sulfate reference electrode can still be realized,while using proper separator material to prevent the diffusion contamination of silver ion.This reference electrode has a reproducible and stable potential,38.4 mV higher than that of mercury/mercurous sulfate couple in same solution.The silver-silver sulfate reference electrodes could be introduced into electrochemical systems with sulfate solution and lead/acid batteries.更多还原