【摘要】 流域水资源的有效管理应当着眼于制度建设和制度创新,尤其应当注重流域水资源利用中的生态补偿问题的研究与探讨。流域水资源综合利用中的生态补偿问题,不仅要廓清其理论概念,阐明补偿的实质、原则、分类、方式,而且需要研制可操作性强的补偿机制和对该机制的监督保障体系。及时有效地建立中央政府和流域下游发达地区对上游经济欠发达地区的生态补偿制度,达到既可以保护上游生态环境,提高上游人民生活水平,又能促进全流域社会经济的可持续发展的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The management of the water resources in river basins needs not only great projects, but also innovation and construction of the system. In our country, most of the rivers flow from the west to the east. So the upstream areas have to invest many resources to protect the environment, which could then let the downstream areas use the water resources in a sustainable way. However, this burden is so heavy that it needs the central government and the rich downstream areas to make a compensation. Such an ecological compensation can improve the relation of ecology and interests between the up- stream and the downstream. It can also accelerate developing the upstream areas, decrease regional casualty, and promote developing the economy and society of the whole river basins. The paper first analyzes the necessity of establishing the mech- anism of ecological compensation and then studies the essence of compensation, the definition of compensation, the principles and the classification of ecological compensation, so as to establish and supervise a systematic mechanism of ecological com- pensation.更多还原