【摘要】 目的　研究视神经动脉起源 ,数目 ,分布及相关动脉的病理变化 ,为视神经因为缺血所致视野缺损提供形态学依据。方法　在体视显微镜和手术显微镜下对 10 0侧成人脑标本进行观察视神经动脉来源、数目和分布 ,对其中 5 0 -70岁年龄 60侧脑标本的视神经和相关动脉做病理切片观察。结果　视神经动脉主要来源于颈内动脉、大脑前动脉和前交通动脉。其中单来源占 3 % ( 3侧 ) ,双来源占 68% ( 68侧 ) ,三来源占 2 9% ( 2 9侧 )。病理切片观察动脉管壁有粥样硬化改变者占 88 3 %( 5 3侧 ) ,其中被硬化斑块阻塞眼动脉的占 5 7% ( 3侧 ) ,阻塞垂体上动脉的占 7 5 % ( 4侧 ) ,小动脉管腔狭窄者占 2 0 8% ( 11侧 )。与小动脉阻塞相对应的视神经切片 ,可见有神经纤维萎缩 ,变性等病理改变。硬化的颈内动脉壁压迫视神经可以形成明显的压迹。结论　 5 0岁以上导致视神经供血障碍脑动脉硬化不能除外更多还原

【Abstract】 ObjectiveIn order to provide morphological evidences for visual field defect caused by optic nerve ischemia.Methods The origins,numbers,distributions and pathological changes of optic nerve arteries in 102 sides of adult brain specimens were observed with microsteroscope and operation microscope,among which the Pathological slide from nourishing arteries of optic nerve in 60 sides aged from 50 to 70 were did.Results The blood supply of optic nerve came mainly from internal carotid,cerebral anterior artery and anterior communicating artery.5% of the blood supply of optic nerve in 60 sides were mono-origin and 58 3% of them were three origins.88 3% of them had atherosclerosis,in which some eye arteries (3 eyes) and superior hypophyseal arteries (11 eyes) were blocked completely and 11 sides were blocked partly.There were obvious impressions on the optic nerves from the compressions by the sclerosed internal carotid arteries.Pathological changes in optic nerve,for example,the neual fiber atrophy,were observed.Conclusions Excluding other disease,the declining of eyesight and visual field (especially the surrunding and the central part) in patients over 50 years old were caused possibly by atherosclerosis of the arteries at the brain.更多还原