【摘要】 目的　通过对山东省滕州市部分镇 (街 ) 0～ 7岁儿童先天性和遗传性疾病的流行病学调查 ,了解影响婴儿出生质量的各种因素 ,为制定出生缺陷干预提供科学依据。方法　采取分级分层多次筛查的方法。结果　共筛查样本点儿童 2 710 5人 ,患病儿童为 14 93人 ,共 10 1种疾病 ,同时患两种及以上疾病者 10 3例 ,影响婴儿出生质量的先天性与遗传性疾病前 10位依次为 :腹股沟疝、耳前瘘管、斜视、精神发育迟滞、先天性心脏病、鞘膜积液、隐睾症、子耳、错合、外耳畸形。结论　该地区出生缺陷发病率较高 ,必须尽快实施出生缺陷干预更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To find out various factors that affect the quality of baby birth, and to provide scientific basis for preventing birth deficiency. [Methods] Sieving method was applied to investigate the congenital and hereditary diseases among children aged form 0 to 7. [Results] Among the sieved 27 150 children, 493 were sick children with 101 types of diseases. 103 cases had 2 or more than 2 types of diseases. The top ten congenital and hereditary diseases that affect the birth quality were: inguinal hernia, preauricular fistula, squint, mental retardation, congenital heart disease, hydrocele of tunica vaginalis, enorchia, filial ear, malocclusion and external ear deformity. [Conclusion] The morbidity of birth deficiency is high in this area; effective measures should be taken to prevent birth dificiency.更多还原