【摘要】 目的 :分析北京市特定地区 4 0岁以上人群中屈光矫正前后的视力损害情况。方法 :2 0 0 1年我们对北京市内干休所所在的社区 4 0岁以上人群共 2 4 71人和北京北部榆垡镇三个生产大队 4 0岁以上人群共 1980人进行了盲和低视力的流行病学调查。视力损害分别按照WHO和欧美等一些国家的标准进行分析。同时也分析了与可矫正的视力损害有关的人群特征及矫正前后视力损害的病因。结果 :按WHO标准划分 ,城市中有 10 .2 0 % (2 5 2 / 2 4 71)受检者为可矫正的视力损害 ,有 0 .32 % (8/ 2 4 71)为不可矫正的视力损害 ;农村中有 3.89% (77/ 1980 )者为可矫正的视力损害 ,0 .76 %(15 / 1980 )为不可矫正的视力损害。按USA标准划分 ,城市中有 14 .4 1% (35 6 / 2 4 71)受检者为可矫正的视力损害 ,有 0 .5 7% (14 / 2 4 71)为不可矫正的视力损害 ;农村中有 7.73%(15 3/ 1980 )为可矫正的视力损害 ,1.6 7% (33/ 1980 )为不可矫正的视力损害。年龄是影响可矫正视力损害的最重要的因素。结论 :屈光不正是老年人视力损害的重要因素 ,通过矫正可使相当一部分人脱离视力损害的范围 ,说明了屈光不正的矫正在老年人生活中的重要性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To analyze the visual acuity of people ≥40 years of age in Beijing and visual impairment in their better eyes before and after refractive correcti on.Methods: In 2001,2471 people ≥40 years of age were examined in the city of Bei jing and 1980 were examined in the rural areas around Beijing. The logarithms of the minimal angles of resolution in visual acuity were measured before and afte r refraction. Visual impairment was defined as visual acuity in the better eye < 0.3～≥0.05 and <0.5～≥0.1 by criteria defined by WHO and some countries in Eur ope and by America,respectively. Correctable visual impairment was defined as v isual impairment <0.3～≥0.05 or <0.5～≥0.1 in the better eye before refractive correction that improved to no impairment after correction(≥0.3 and ≥0.5,resp ectively). The population characteristics of correctable visual impairment wer e also determined.Results:By the criterion defined by WHO,10.20%(252/2471) of participants had correctable visual impairment,0.32%(8/2471) had noncorrectable visual impairme nt in the city,and 3.89%(77/1980) of participants had correctable visual impa i rment,0.76%(15/1980) had noncorrectable visual impairment in the rural area. A ccording to the criterion defined by the USA,14.41%(356/2471) of participants had correctable visual impairment,0.57%(14/2471) had noncorrectable visual imp airment in the city,and 7.73%(153/1980) of participants had correctable visual impairment,1.67%(33/1980) had noncorrectable visual impairment in the country . Age is the most important factor in determining correctable visual impairment.Conclusion: Undercorrected or uncorrected refractive error was an important caus e of visual impairment in middle-aged and older persons. The use of refractive correction to reduce visual impairment should be emphasized.更多还原