【摘要】 在借鉴前人工作的基础上,以地理空间数据和NOAA AVHRR复合影像解译为基础,采用高程、坡度、土壤侵蚀强度等指标对中国东北区进行了景观分类:①根据≥10℃积温与干燥度将研究区划分为3个自然带、9个景观区;②通过地理空间数据与遥感信息的复合,对东北区NOAA AVHRR影像进行解译,得出16种土地覆盖类型;③在各景观区内,将依据DEM和坡度数据进行划分的地貌类型和参照全国土壤侵蚀分类系统进行划分的土壤侵蚀类型,与土地覆盖类型叠加,再通过制图综合得到各区景观类型图;④将各区景观类型图进行接边处理,得到整个东北区的景观类型图。从分类结果可看出,平原和中、低山丘陵构成了东北区自然景观的主要特色,与实际状况基本吻合。丘陵地带多无侵蚀或微度侵蚀;平原周围山前台地大部分遭受轻、中度水蚀,高台地和熔岩高原所占比例较少。以土壤侵蚀强度作为景观类型划分指标,突出了景观类型在自然与人为干扰下的动态变化和潜在问题,有助于未来发展趋势的预测和对策的提出。运用地理空间数据辅助NOAA影像解译可以有效地提高精度,使NOAA AVHRR数据在大尺度景观研究的深度和广度大大提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on prior related studies,landscape classification in Northeastern China was analyzed with the supports of RS and GIS technique.Land cover derived from NOAA/AVHRR images was the foundation of classification.Furthermore,such indices were used in the classification:altitude,slope and erosion intensity.Firstly,three physiographical regions and nine landscape regions were derived according to accumulation temperature greater than 10℃ and aridity.Then,the author obtained 16 land cover types from the NOAA/AVHRR images by stacking up the images and geographical spatial data.In this way,the interpretation precision can be increased to 70%.Thirdly,in each region,topographic units were derived according to DEM and slope.Soil erosion types were also obtained according to soil erosion classification system of China.Then,landscape classifications were completed by combining topographic units,soil erosion with land cover.In the end,the whole landscape classification map of Northeast China was produced by uniting each region.The classification results indicates that the landscape of Northeast China is dominated by plain,middle and low mountains or hills,which coincides with the fact of Northeast China in general.Slight soil erosion usually takes place in hills.While tableland around and in front of mountains are often exposed to slight and moderate water erosion.Taking soil erosion as an index of landscape classification is helpful to the predicts of future development and the present of measurements.The dynamics and potential problems existing in landscape types under the disturbances of nature and human being can also be presented by this classification method.The geographic spatial data in land cover classification of NOAA/AVHRR image contributes a lot to high classification efficiency, and it also has broaden the application of NOAA/AVHRR data in landscape research on a large scale.更多还原