【摘要】 目的:为上颈椎侧方入路提供应用解剖学基础。方法:（1）在30例（60侧）成人头颈标本上观察该入路相关的解剖结构。（2）对50例寰、枢椎干燥骨标本的侧方结构进行测量。结果:（1）副神经在乳突下方（3.89±0.56）cm进入胸锁乳突肌。（2）C_1～3前支的长度分别为（2.19±0.17）cm、（2.23±0.59）cm、（2.05±0.60）cm;根角度分别为（25.8±6.9）°、（32.1±6.3）°、（40.9±4.4）°。（3）椎动脉在上、中、下三点的牵开距离为（2.14±0.35）、（3.53±0.46）、（2.47±0.38）cm。（4）寰枢椎侧方骨质切除的最大宽度为2.5～3.0cm。结论:上颈椎侧方入路可一次性切除寰枢椎侧方病灶。从解剖学角度观察分析,侧方入路是安全可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To provide the applied anatomy basis for the lateral approach to the upper cervical vertebra. Methods: （1） The correlated structures of this approach were observed on thirty adult human cadaveric specimens. （2） The lateral structures of C_1～2vertebra were measured on 50 bone specimens. Results: （1） The accessory nerve entered the stemocleidomastoid muscle about 3.89±0.56 cm beneath the mastoid process. （2） The length of anterior branch of C_1～3 vertebra were 2.19±0.17 cm, 2.23 ±0.59 cm and 2.05±0.60 cm respectively. The angle between the root and the corresponding vertebral body from C₁to C₃ was 25.8°+6.9°, 32.1°±6.3°and 40.9°±4.4°separately. （3） The distance of which vertebral artery was pulled laterally at superior, middle and inferior point was 2.14±0.35 cm, 3.53±0.46 cm and 2.47±0.38 cm separately. （4） The maximal width of the bone removal was 2.5～3.0cm on the lateral region of C_1-2 vertebra. Conclusions: The whole focus of lateral vertebra can be excised at the same time by this lateral approach to the upper cervical vertebra. From the anatomical standpoint, the lateral approach to the upper cervical vertebra is safe and practical.更多还原