【摘要】 目的 :为踝关节病变的影像学诊断提供解剖学基础。方法 :①观测 15例干性胫、腓及距骨的关节面。②成年男尸右足标本 7例 ,先依骨性标志画线 ,新鲜 2例画线后 ,各行轴位CT、MRI扫描及冠状位MRI扫描后冻硬 ,再切制横断层 4例 ,冠状断层 3例。结果 :①距骨上关节面前、后宽为 3 0 .2、2 3 .5mm ;距骨内、外踝关节面矢状径与垂直径分别为 3 0 .8、14 .9mm与 2 7.5、2 3 .7mm ;外踝关节面前缘至距骨颈后缘间距为 9.3mm。胫骨内踝与腓骨外踝关节面矢状径与垂直径分别为 2 1.8、14 .7mm和 16.9、2 1.6mm。②观察了每一断层内关节及周围结构的形态、毗邻及其在连续断层的变化规律 ,并匹配相应CT及MRI。距骨滑车上关节面前宽 3 2 .9mm ,距骨上、胫骨下关节面软骨厚 1.7mm与 1.8mm ,胫距关节、内踝处及腓距关节腔径值分别为 2 .4、2 .8、1.4mm ,骨间韧带长 1.8mm。结论 :踝关节的断层解剖 ,为影像学诊断及关节镜技术等提供了解剖学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To provide anatomical basis for imaging diagnosis of the human ankle joints diseases. Methods: ① 15 specimans were studied in terms of the observation and measurement of the trochlear surface, medial and lateral malleolus surface of talus, medial and lateral malleolus surface of tibia and fibular. ②7 right feet of male adults cadavers were used. After CT and MRI examination, all specimens were frozen and cut into 4 transverse and 3 coronal sections. Results: ① The anterior and posterior width of upper articular surface of the talus trochlear was 30.2 mm and 23.5 mm respectively. The medial malleolus surface was 30.8 mm in sagittal length and 14.9 mm in vertical length, while the lateral malleolus surface 27.3 mm and 23.7 mm. The distance was found to be 9.3 mm between the anterior border of lateral malleolus surface and posterior border of cervix of talus. The medial articular surface of tibia was 21.8 mm and 14.7 mm in sagittal and vertical length, while the lateral articular surface of fibular was 16.9 mm and 21.6 mm. ②The morphological features were studied concerning the position, relationship and the variation of the articular surface of ankle joint, articular cartilage, articular cavity, tibiofibular syndesmosis, tibiotalar and tibiocalcanes part of medial ligament and posterior talofibular ligament. Matched with the corresponding CT and MRI measurement interosseous talocalcaneal ligament on transverse and coronal section of ankle were observed. The anterior width of upper articular surface of talus trochlear was 32.9 mm. The thickness of articular cartilage of the upper articular surface of talus, and the lower articular surface of tibia was 1.7 mm and 1.8 mm respectively. The length of interosseus tibiofibular ligament was 1.8 mm. The distance of tibiotalus joint cavity, the place of medial malleolus and fibuotalus joint was 2.4 mm, 2.8 mm, 1.4 mm respectively. Conclusion: The sectional anatomy of ankle joint as well as the variation of morphology, structure and measurement data provides a foundation for imaging diagnosis and arthroscopy.更多还原