【摘要】 文章对中国高龄老人的人口、社会经济和健康状况进行了较全面的阐述与分析。与城镇高龄老人相比,农村高龄老人在许多方面都面临劣势,他们只享受极其有限的退休金、几乎没有受过教育、丧偶率较高,因而更多地依靠子女养老。中国农村女性高龄老人在各个方面都面临着非常大的劣势。与男性高龄老人相比,女性高龄老人更可能丧偶,在经济上的依赖性更强,而且长期照料资源的可获得性更差;她们的受教育程度很低,更可能遭遇日常生活自理能力的缺损而陷入较差的健康状态。中国需要在老年保障和服务项目建立和完善过程中给城乡女性和男性老人带来平等的利益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), this article addresses socio-demographic profiles and health status of the oldest-old in China. Compared with the urban oldest-old, those rural oldest-old have disadvantages in pension, education, and proportion with spouse. Their old-age support mainly relies on their children. The female oldest-old in China have seriously disadvantages compared with males. So it is urgent for China to establish old-age security and service system, and bring equal benefits for the female and male oldest-old both in rural and urban areas.更多还原