【摘要】 通过LOGIT模型对影响农户加入农民合作组织意向的分析表明 ,兼业农户和离农户的增加在一定程度上阻碍了单个农户形成合作组织。有生产经验的农户 ,不愿与别人分享集约种植技术也是阻碍农民合作组织发展的因素之一。与一般的预期结果不同 ,农产品价格波动对农户的意向没有显著影响。这与当前农民合作组织规模小、实力弱有关 ,农民合作组织对于迫切需要降低市场风险的农户缺乏吸引力 ,在一定程度上影响到农户对参加合作组织的行为选择。受教育程度较高的农户以及在商品性集约经营上进行了较大特殊生产投资的农户对加入合作组织有较明显的积极性 ,他们有可能成为合作组织的先锋者。此外 ,主要通过供销社销售农产品的农户比自足农户、通过农贸市场销售农产品的农户 ,以及通过运销商贩销售农产品的农户更趋向于接受合作组织。可以考虑让农民合作组织替代供销社的功能。最后 ,农户对农民合作组织的投票权分配、成员组成以及入社和退社的限制等组织结构的认知 ,对于他们的意向显示出显著的正面影响。合理设计农民合作组织的组织结构对于吸引更多农户参加农民合作组织至关重要。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper focuses on Chinese farmers’ attitudes and preference to farmers’ cooperatives in the coast areas, based upon a survey conducted in 2002 in East China’s Zhejiang Province. In the past decade, as the most developed province of coastal China, Zhejiang’s agricultural development has undergone a significant structural change. Commercial management has become a leading factor of agricultural development. Agricultural commercialization has induced needs for farmers’ cooperatives to provide individual farmers with services in marketing, information and technological guidance. More than half of the producers have manifested positive attitude to join cooperatives. Up to now, however, only about 2% of the farmers have been involved in farmers’ cooperatives. Most of them still seek help mainly from relatives or friends, or turn to pay commercial service, when they come across problems about information, technology, seasonally inadequate labor and capital input. An increase in the number of part-time farmers and those giving up farming has become such a factor as to prevent individual farmers from involving themselves in farmers’ cooperatives. Unwillingness on the part of experienced farmers such as flower producers to share their technology of intensive farming with others is also considered to be a negative factor for the establishment of farmers’ cooperatives. Better educated farmers and those who have made considerable investment in intensive farming have been obviously active in setting up farmers’ cooperatives, of which they may become initiators. Good policies will be of significance to promote farmers’ cooperatives. The replacement of supply and marketing cooperatives by farmers’ cooperatives is one of them. Finally, farmers’ knowledge of their right to vote, membership, stipulations about joining and withdrawing from a cooperative, etc. will be favorable for them to adopt a positive attitude towards the cooperatives. The proper design of the structure of the cooperatives will also be of vital importance to attract more farmers to join such cooperatives.更多还原