【摘要】 目的　了解本院上呼吸道感染病原菌分布及对抗菌药物的耐药情况。方法　对我院 2 0 0 0年 5月～ 2 0 0 3年5月送检的 1137例痰标本进行细菌培养 ,并对其中 5 94例阳性标本中的 6 34株细菌进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验。结果　上呼吸道感染率为 5 2 2 % ,感染的病原菌中以革兰阴性杆菌居首位 ,占 5 1 4 % ,对亚胺培南的耐药性最低 ;依次为真菌 ,占 2 9 3% ;革兰阳性球菌 ,占 19 3% ,对氨苄西林、青霉素、复方新诺明耐药性最高。结论　上呼吸道标本的细菌种类及耐药性发生变化 ,临床医生在治疗时应根据细菌检验报告合理选择抗菌药物 ,避免盲目经验用药 ,减少或延缓细菌耐药的产生。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of bacteria culturing and drug resistance among 1 137 cases with upper respiratory tract infections in our hospital from May 2000 to May 2003 METHODS A total of 634 strains bacteria from 594 positive samples were analyzed in drug sensitivity test and pathogen distribution. RESULTS The isolation rate of pathogens was 52 2%, from them the main strains were Gram negative bacilli with the rate of 51 4%, their drug resistance to imipenem was the lowest. The next strains were fungi with the rate of 29 3%, and the third strains were Gram positive cocci, with the rate of 19 3%, their drug resistance to ampicillin, penicillin G, and SMZco was the highest. CONCLUSIONS The great changes have taken place in the bacterial distribution and drug resistance in clinical upper respiratory tract specimens. In order to avoid to use antibiotics just by experience, and to reduce the production of drug resistance, antibiotics should be selected reasonably, according to the results in microbe detection.更多还原