【摘要】 目的　探讨肾移植术后恶性肿瘤的发病情况、类型及治疗效果。　方法　回顾分析1977年 7月至 2 0 0 1年 9月 1189例 (12 0 0例次 )肾移植受者术后恶性肿瘤发生及其免疫抑制剂治疗情况。　结果　发生恶性肿瘤 19例 (1.6 % ) ,其中肝癌 4例 ,乳腺癌 3例 ,Kaposi肉瘤 2例 ,肺癌 2例 ,膀胱鳞癌、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、胃癌、胰头癌、齿龈癌、结肠癌、胆囊癌各 1例 ,1例肿瘤原发灶不明。移植术后至肿瘤诊断时间 2～ 112个月 ,平均 (36 .7± 2 4 .2 )个月。 12例行手术切除为主的综合治疗 ,患者全部带肾存活 ,随访 1～ 73(平均 15 .4 )个月 ,肿瘤无复发 ,移植肾无排斥反应。 7例因肿瘤无法手术切除者中 5例在诊断肿瘤后 1年内死亡。　结论　肾移植患者恶性肿瘤发生率明显高于普通人群 ,此与长期应用免疫抑制剂密切相关。根治性手术切除肿瘤应为首选 ,减少甚至停用免疫抑制剂 ,同时尽可能保留移植肾的存活。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the occurrence,types and therapeutic effect of malignancies in renal allograft recipients. Methods A retrospective study of 1200 renal allograft transplantations in 1189 patients performed between July 1977 and September 2001 was carried out. Results After transplantation among the 1189 recipients,19 cases (an incidence rate of 1.6%) were diagnosed with malignancies,including hepatocarcinoma in 4 cases,breast cancer in 3,Kaposi sarcoma in 2,lung cancer in 2,and squamous carcinoma of bladder,non-Hodgkin lymphoma,stomach carcinoma,carcinoma of head of pancreas,carcinoma of gingival,colon carcinoma,gallbladder carcinoma each in 1,and 1 intensive metastasis case without concerned source.The mean postoperative duration of immunosuppressive treatment before the diagnosis of malignancies was (36.7±24.2)months (range,2 to 112 months).Surgical operations were performed in 12 cases,all of whom survived with normal renal function.A mean follow-up of 15.4 months (range,1 to 73 months) showed that no recurrent malignancy developed and no rejection of transplanted kidneys occurred.Five of the 7 cases who had malignancies at advanced stage and lost surgical treatment opportunity died within 1 year after the diagnosis. Conclusions The incidence of malignancy in renal allograft recipients is much higher than normal population,closely related to the long term use of immunosuppressants.Radical surgery of the malignancies is preferred option and use of immunosuppressants can be reduced or discontinued;meanwhile the function of the transplanted kidney should be maintained as much as possible.更多还原