【摘要】 用多参数自动记录仪对桂林岩溶试验场的CF1钻孔(代表裂隙含水介质)和CF5钻孔(代表管道含水介质)水化学进行了暴雨动态和垂向变化的监测,通过数据的分析及对比,发现:暴雨时至少有两个重要的作用在控制着水化学的动态变化,一是雨水的稀释作用,另一个是碳酸盐岩—水—CO2气相互作用。然而,这两个作用在管道含水介质和裂隙含水介质中的表现是不同的:对于裂隙含水介质,碳酸盐岩—水—CO2气相互作用占主导,而对于管道含水介质,雨水的稀释作用则成为主控因素。因此,鉴于岩溶水化学是在碳酸盐岩-水-CO2气三相相互作用的开放系统中形成的,所以水化学的研究不能仅考虑水-岩相互作用,而必须重视CO2时空变化对水化学的控制,只有从三相系统全面考虑,才能正确把握岩溶水化学的时空演变规律。此外,试验场相距不到5m的CF1和CF5钻孔水化学时空变化的显著差异,进一步证明了岩溶含水介质的非均质性特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking the sediment of the Quaternary system above the 5th confined aquifer, 350m under the ground around Shanghai city, as the target body to be studied as whole system for groundwater. A series of environmental geologic problems occurred, including ground subsidence, water table falling and exploitation condition degradation, as the results of the changed energy of the inner matter lead by groundwater pumping. Hydrogeological and engineering geological model is constructed after strict studies on the sediments of the Quaternary system in Shanghai region and its hydrogeological and engineering geological conditions. Furthermore, a 3-D water flow and one dimensional settlement model is established under the condition of maximum aquifer yield, reasonable water level lowering and ground surface subsidence, as well as a better economical and social benefit. This study also presents a method of groundwater resources assessment and management for big cities, especially those with water exploitation-induced ground subsidence problems.更多还原