【摘要】 为了掌握平顶山市麻疹的流行病学特征 ,对 1999～ 2 0 0 1年麻疹监测系统病例报告及运转情况进行了分析 ,3年共报告 35 4例 ,其中临床诊断 16 0例 ,实验室确诊 88例 ,实验室排除 10 6例。麻疹病例分布在全市 11个县 (市、区 ) ,呈高度散发与局部爆发并存的流行病学模式。爆发 19起 ,其中 2 0 0 1年 14起 ,占 73 6 8% ;爆发病例 174例 ,占全部病例的 70 16 %。全年均有发病 ,3～ 7月为高发。麻疹发病年龄最小为 4月龄 ,最大 4 6岁 ,主要集中在 6～15岁的中小学生。 4 1 5 2 %病例有明确的麻疹疫苗 (MV)免疫史 ,免疫史不详占 4 6 0 5 %。通过调查发现麻疹漏报4 2例 ,漏报率为 38 18%。针对病例的地域分布特征和相关年龄麻疹病例的免疫史分析 ,表明常规免疫要着重提高MV的接种及时性和接种质量 ,特别是 1 5～ 2岁及 7岁的复种 ,以提高人群免疫水平 ,防制麻疹的爆发。更多还原

【Abstract】 For understanding the measles epidemiological characteristics in Pingdingshan city of Henan Province in 1999～2001,the working status of measles surveillance system and the case report by the system were analyzed.In 3 years,a total of 354 cases were reported,of them 160 measles cases were clinically diagnosed,88 were latoratory identified and 106 were excluded by laboratory test.The cases distributed in 11 counties(city,district) and were in the forms of highly sporadic and locally burst up.19 measles outbreaks occurred in 1999～2001,of which 14 were in 2001 accounting for 73.68% of the total measles outbreaks.174 cases were involed in 19 outbreaks that was about 70.16% the total measles cases.Disease was found all around the year but mostly appeared in March～July.The age of the measles cases was 4 months old as the youngest and 46 years old as the oldest,most focused in primary and junior middle school students of 6～15 years old.41.52% cases had definite measles vaccination history,while that of 46.05% cases was not clear.Through investigation,42 measles cases had not been reported,the failed reporting rate was 38.18%.According to the regional distribution and the immune history of the measles cases,it showed the main point in routine imunization is to vaccinate measles vaccine timely,also should pay great attention to measles revaccination of children of 1.5-2 and 7 years old.These may build up a high immune level in population to prevent measles outbreak.更多还原