【摘要】 应用聚合酶链反应—微孔板杂交 (PolymeraseChainReactionandMicrotitrePlateHybridization ,PCR MPH)的方法对云南 12 9个无亲缘关系的汉族样品进行了HLA DRB1的遗传多态性分析 ,对MPH初分出的DRB1 15组的样品进行了单链构象多态 (Single StrandConformationPolymorphism ,SSCP)检测。共发现 36种等位基因 ,其中等位基因频率大于 0 0 5的有DRB1 15 0 1(0 12 4 0 ) ,DRB1 0 90 12 (0 0 96 9) ,DRB1 0 80 32 (0 0 930 ) ,DRB1 12 0 2(0 0 891) ,DRB1 12 0 1(0 0 814 ) ,DRB1 14 0 1(0 0 775 ) ,DRB1 0 70 1(0 0 6 2 0 )。云南汉族HLA DRB1等位基因频率与中国其他 9个汉族群体进行 χ2 检验 ,结果显示与云南汉族比较 χ2 >10的有西安汉族 (DR8,χ2 =13 9712 )、上海汉族 (DR4 ,χ2 =10 16 32 )、广东汉族 (DR9,χ2 =12 6 12 1)和南京汉族 (DR4 ,χ2 =10 5 796 )。从遗传距离分析发现 ,在 9个国内汉族群体中云南汉族与辽宁汉族有最近的距离 (0 0 5 4 1) ,而与广东汉族最远 (0 185 1)。云南汉族在构成上可能与辽宁汉族更为接近 ,尽管地处南方 ,但已不属典型的南方汉族。这也可能因云南汉族与当地的少数民族存在基因交流 ,从而形成了一个较为特殊的群体更多还原

【Abstract】 samples of Han population in Yunnan province were detected by polymerase chain reaction and microtitre plate hybridization (PCR-MPH).The samples of DR*15 subgroup being detected by PCR-MPH were further analyzed by Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP).By first polymerase chain reaction and microtitre plate hybridization (PCR-MPH),all of the 129 samples were divided into the following subgroups,viz.DR*01,DR*03,DR*04,DR*0701,DR*08,DR*09012,DR*1001,DR*11,DR*12,DR*13,DR*14,DR*15, DR*1602 and DR*1604.The samples of DR*04,DR*08/12,DR*03/11/13/14 were further detected by second PCR-MPH and the ones of DR*15 by SSCP.36 kinds of alleles on HLA-DRB1 were detected in these samples.Among them,DRB1*1501(0.1240),DRB1*09012(0.0969),DRB1*08032(0.0930),DRB1*1202(0.0891),DRB1*1201(0.0814), DRB1 *1401(0.0775),DRB1 *0701(0.0620),are the most frequent.The χ~2 test of HLA-DRB1 alleles was done between Yunnan Han and the other 9 Han populations.In detail,comparing with Yunnan Han on the χ~2 test,the χ~2 values of few alleles in the few Han populations were more than 10,such as Xi’an Han(DR8,χ~2=13.9712),Shanghai Han(DR4,χ~2=10.1632),Guangdong Han(DR9,χ~2=12.6121)and Nanjing Han(DR4,χ~2=10.5796).Comparing with 9 Han populations,the genetic distance between Yunnan Han and Liaoning Han was the nearest(0.0541),Guangdong Han was the farthest(0.1851).In the 9 Han populations,the genetic distance between Shanghai Han and Nanjing Han was the nearest(0.0122),and the one between Tianjin Han and Shanxi Han was also nearer(0.0219).Based on (above) analysis,the conclusion may be deduced that Yunnan Han may be close to Liaoning Han and not a typical southern Han population though Yunnan Han live on the South.Some gene flow may exist between Yunnan Han and the local minorities and made Yunnan Han a special population.更多还原