【摘要】 首次以多乙烯多氨乙基膦酸为原料合成了多乙烯多氨乙基膦酸钡载体(Ⅰ).载体用5%NaOH处理后,用金属钠(钾)处理制得固体强碱(Ⅲ),用苯基钠处理制得固体超强碱(Ⅳ).用IR、碱强度对它们进行了表征,用指示剂法测得固体强碱强度H-为15 0～18 4,超强碱强度H-为27 0～33 0.讨论了金属负载量对固体强碱量的影响,固体强碱催化苯甲醛和丙酮的羟醛缩合及醇与丙烯腈的氰乙基化反应,有较高的催化活性和较好的选择性,固体强碱催化剂可重复使用4～5次,且易于再生,是一种环境友好催化剂.更多还原

【Abstract】 The supports of barium polyethylenepolyamino-N-ethylphosphonate Ⅰ were synthesized for the first time by using polyethylenepolyamino-N-ethylphosphonic acids H₂O₃PCH₂CH₂（NHCH₂CH₂）_mNRR¹, m=1,2 as the material. 8 of support-NaOH-Na（K） solid strong bases Ⅲ were prepared by dispersion of metal Na or K on the supports after being treated with 5% NaOH solution, and 4 of brand-new support-NaOH-Na-PhNa solid superbases Ⅳ were prepared by treating of supports with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, metal sodium and phenyl sodium successively. The solid strong bases and superbases were characterized by IR, basic strength.The basic strength of the solid strong bases and superbases were about 15.0 to 18.4, 27.0 to 33.0 by indicator method respectively. The effect of amount of sodium or potassium loaded on basic number was discussed. Benzaldehyde actone condensation and cyanoethylation of alcohols catalyzed by these solid strong bases were carried out with higher activities and better selectivities. The solid strong base catalysts could be reused for 4 to 5 times and easy to be regenerated. It was a type of environmentlly friendly catalysts.更多还原