【摘要】 背景当今影响儿童身心的主要疾病是慢性病和致残病,而慢性病和致伤残病与心理状况之间的相互关系也越来越受到重视。目的探讨慢性病对患儿个性心理特征的影响。设计以诊断为依据的病例对照研究。地点和对象以湛江市广东医学院附属医院儿科收治的64例7～14岁慢性病患儿作为病例组,湛江市第十四小学一年级至五年级的正常儿童作为对照组。方法采用龚耀先1992年修订的儿童艾森克个性问卷(Eysenckper-sonalityquestionaire,EPQ)量表,对两组儿童分别进行测试并进行两者之间比较,分析指标包括4个维度分别是精神质量表、情绪稳定性量表、内外向性量表和掩饰性量表,判断标准T值高分值为≥61.5,低分值为≤38.5。主要观察指标两组EPQ调查4个维度得分及其分布情况。结果①病例组患儿神经质分明显高于对照组儿童(t=2.305,P<0.05),并且高分值者占14%(9/64)高于对照组[6%(5/91)]。②病例组患儿内外向性分明显低于对照组儿童(t=2.699,P<0.01),并且低分值者有30%(19/64)明显高于对照组11%(10/91)。结论①慢性病对儿童个性心理特征是一个不利的消极因素。②慢性病患儿在人格特质方面以精神质和内向更为突出。更多还原

【Abstract】 BACKGROUND:Chronic diseases and disabilities are common problems that affect children’s psychology,and their relationship is receiving increasing concern.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of personality psychological characteristics in pediatric patients with chronic diseases.DESIGN:Case controlled study based on diagnosis.SETTING and SUBJECTS:Sixty four pediatric patients with chronic diseases aged 7-14 years were recruited from the Pediatric Department,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College.Meanwhile healthy children of grade one to grade five from No. 14 Primary School in Zhanjiang City were set as control group.METHODS:Comparison was made between the 64 children with chronic diseases and the 91 healthy ones of the same age range with Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ) modified by Gong Yaoxian in 1992.The questionnaire analysis consisted of items inquiring four dimensionalities(Questionnaires P,N,E and L).T score ≥61.5 was regarded as high score while T≤38.5 was low score.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Four dimensionality scores and the distribution in the two groups by EPQ.RESULTS:①P score of the patient group was significantly higher than that of control group(t=2.305,P< 0.05).Those with high scores in the patient group constituted 14%(9/64),which was higher than that of the control group[6%(5/91)].②E score of the patient group was significantly lower than that of control group(t=2.699,P< 0.01).Those with low scores in the patient group were 30%(19/64),which was higher than in control group[11%(10/91)].CONCLUSION:①Chronic diseases are a negative factor in pediatric psychological characteristics.②Psychoticism and introversion are prominent of those personality psychological characteristics in children with chronic diseases.更多还原