【摘要】 目的 :考察不同干燥方法对人参皂苷提取和分离的影响。方法 :采用自然晾晒、烘箱干燥和微波干燥三种不同的方法对鲜人参进行了干燥 ,观察干燥效果 ;采用水煮和微波加热的方式对三种干燥人参中的人参皂苷进行提取 ,进一步用泡沫分离法将各种不同皂苷成分进行分离和浓缩 ,测定总皂苷和单体皂苷的浓度 ,计算皂苷回收率。结果 :微波干燥鲜人参省时节能 ,外观犹如鲜参 ,而且有利于有效成分的释放 ;采用微波加热方式提取人参皂苷 ,可以在较短的时间内得到与水煮相同的皂苷回收率 ;泡沫分离法对人参皂苷Rb1、Rb2 、Rd有显著的浓缩效果 ,对Rc、Rf皂苷浓缩效果不大。结论 :鲜药材的干燥与药材的保存和有效成分的提取有密切的关系 ,微波干燥和辅助提取是一种省时、节能、皂苷回收率较高的方法更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:There exists a close relationship between drying of a fresh herb and its preservation and extraction of efficient components. In order to investigate the influences of different drying methods on extraction and separation of ginsenosides, three drying processes, such as drying in the sun, drying in oven and microwave drying, were used to dry fresh ginsengs . Methods:The ginsenosides of the dry ginsengs were extracted by poaching and microwave heating, and were separated by foam separation.The concentrations of ginsenosides were measured. Results:Microwave drying saved both time and labour, and was favorable for release of ginsenosides. The ginsenosides could be extracted from the dry ginsengs in a shorter time by microwave heating than poaching. The ginsenosides Rb 1, Rb 2, Rd could be observably concentrated by foam separation. Conclusion:Microwave drying and microwave assisted extraction are efficient and economic methods with a high recovery yield of ginsenosides.更多还原