【摘要】 采用SDS PAGE和SCAR标记对我国小麦主产区近 30年来主要推广品种和新近育成的部分品系共 179份进行了 1BL/ 1RS鉴定 ,结果表明 :我国 2 0世纪 80年代后育成的小麦品种中约 38%为 1BL/ 1RS品种 ,其中北方冬麦区和黄淮冬麦区频率较高 ,分别为 5 9%和 4 2 % ;长江中下游冬麦区和西南冬麦区频率较低 ,均为 2 0 % ;东北春麦区未发现 1BL/ 1RS品种。大多数中、强筋小麦品种不含 1BL/ 1RS。高分子量谷蛋白亚基可能对 1BL/ 1RS对小麦加工品质的负面影响有补偿作用。选育中、强筋小麦品种一般不宜采用 1BL/ 1RS品种作亲本 ,或至少其中一个亲本应是非 1BL/ 1RS品种 ,而且要有较好的HMW GS遗传背景 ;弱筋小麦品种选育也要注意 1BL/ 1RS对品质的不良影响更多还原

【Abstract】 In total, 179 predominant cultivars in recent 30 years and new breeder’s lines from main ecological zones of China were examined by SDS PAGE and SCAR for the presence of 1BL/1RS. On average, 38% of Chinese wheats released since 1980 contained 1BL/1RS, however, its frequency differed in different ecological zones, which was 59% for Northern Winter Wheat Zone, 42% for Yellow Huai River Valley Winter Wheat Zone and 20% for both Middle and Low Valley of Yangtze River Winter Wheat Zone and Southwest Winter Wheat Zone. No 1BL/1RS cultivars were found in Northeast Spring Wheat Zone. The cultivars with high dough elasticity were generally not 1BL/1RS translocations. High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW GS) may have some complementary effects on the quality defects caused by 1BL/1RS. From breeding point of view, 1BL/1RS parents are generally not recommended in breeding for medium to high dough elasticity, or one of the parents at least should not be 1BL/1RS. Good combination of HMW GS should be presented when 1BL/RS parent is used. The quality defects of 1BL/1RS should also be considered in soft wheat breeding.更多还原