【摘要】 按Griffing设计2对10个抗倒特性不同的自交系组配的杂交组合进行试验,研究9个与倒伏有关的茎秆性状。结果表明,茎秆抗倒性可用3个主成分作为综合选择指标,利用第一主成分进行选择可改良茎秆穿刺强度和横折强度,但应考虑第三主成分的负效应;株高等可用第二主成分加以选择;利用这3个指标进行选择可能对增加茎粗效果不明显。遗传分析指出,株高和茎秆横折强度的基因加性效应更重要。茎粗主要受基因非加性效应控制。气生根数和茎秆穿刺强度的两种基因效应的作用相当,且非加性效应略高。利用不同自交系的性状一般配合力效应值对有利用价值的自交系进行了分析评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 45 complete diallel crosses were produced, measuring 9 characteristics including anthesis height, ear height, stem diameter, rind puncture strength, fresh weight above soil, number of brace root, stem lateral breaking strength, kernel weight per plantand stalk-lodging grade in field. The results of key component analysis showed: the three most important key components, such as PIN1, PIN2 and PIN3, could be used as composite selection indices. Selection of PIN1 may improve resistance to rind puncture and stalk lateral breakage, but negative effect of PIN3 should be considered. PIN2 selection could decrease anthesis height. Due to the less information, selection of PIN1, PIN2 and PIN3 may have little effect on stem diameter. Genetic analysis showed that additive gene effects are more important for anthesis height and stalk lateral breaking strength, non-additive gene effect more important for stem diameter, additive gene effects and non-additive gene effects equal for number of brace root and rind puncture strength. Then some of elite inbred lines are evaluated depending on GCA.更多还原