国外反讽研究综观

【摘要】 2 0世纪 6 0年代以来 ,对反讽话语现象的探讨在各个学科领域展开 ,理论假设日新月异。在非语言学 (文学和修辞学 )领域出现了 Muecke三分说、Booth两分说、Fish动态假设、Rorty等人的开放假设。在语言学领域 ,有 MyersRoy以及言语行为理论者从语义学角度、Grice,Sperber &Wilson等人从语用学角度、Gibbs等人从心理语言学角度对反讽进行研究和探讨。所有研究的基本共同点 :试图找出反讽产生或理解的规律 ,主张反讽蕴涵某种矛盾 ,其语义生成包含某种替代机制或衍生机制更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper aims to review the study of irony dated back to the sixties of 20th century, from which an investigation has been made into ironical utterances in many different subjects, and various theoretical hypotheses have been proposed. The non linguistic domain (mainly literature and rhetoric) witnesses Muecke’s Trichotomy of irony, Booth’s Dichotomy of irony, Fish’s Dynamic Interpretation of irony, Rorty’s Free Interpretation Hypothesis of irony. In linguistics, there have been the semantic study of irony by Myers Roy and speech act theorists, the pragmatic study of it by Grice, Wilson & Sperber, Clark & Gerrig, etc., the psycholinguistic study of it by Gibbs & O’Brien, et al. Two basic features are common to all that they all attempt to find out the law or laws for ironical production or comprehension, and that they insist all cases of irony contain certain contradiction and there is some substitution mechanism or derivation mechanism underlying its semantic generation. Due to language complexity and variety, irony awaits further exploration.更多还原