【摘要】 本文从关联理论非论证性推理和溯因推理的比较出发 ,应用后期皮尔士溯因逻辑思想和Hobbs等人的“解释即溯因”(InterpretationasAbduction)的自然语言理解理论 ,论述语用推理实际上就是溯因推理在话语交际中的具体体现。语用推理具有溯因推理的所有特征 ,但不等于溯因推理。它包括溯因、演绎和归纳 ,是动态的溯因—演绎—归纳的逻辑整合过程。溯因在整个语用推理过程中是提出假设 (大前提 )的最重要推理 ,演绎是必然推导 ,归纳的作用是验证大前提的正确与否 ,即验证对话语涵义 /隐义理解的正确与否更多还原

【Abstract】 By comparing the non-demonstrative inference as discussed in Relevance Theory and abductive inference, this article applies the later Peircean logic of abduction and Hobbs’ Interpretation as Abduction to demonstrate that pragmatic reasoning is actually the specific application of abductive inference in utterance. Pragmatic reasoning is characterized by abductive nature, but it is not equal to abduction. Rather, pragmatic reasoning incorporates abduction, deduction and induction, a dynamic logic process in which abduction proposes the hypothesis (major premise), deduction infers the necessary conclusion and induction tests the major premise in further utterance.更多还原