【摘要】 在实验室条件下 ,将农田土壤分别用终浓度为 1 0mg、5 0mg和 1 0 0mg g土壤的乙草胺处理 4 0d后 ,检测可培养的异养细菌的多样性和细菌物种多样性。可培养的异养细菌的多样性依据在LB平板上的菌落形态来研究 ,细菌物种多样性则通过基因组DNA的提取 ,纯化 ,1 6SrDNA片段的扩增和变性梯度凝胶电泳 (DGGE)的分离来研究 ,香农多样性指数 (H) ,丰度 (S)和均匀度 (EH)等指标用于评价细菌多样性。实验结果表明 ,与对照土壤相比 ,处理土壤中上述两种类型的细菌多样性均降低 ,而且 ,不同处理浓度对土壤细菌多样性的影响也不同。将DGGE图谱中的条带回收并测序 ,结果显示乙草胺对土壤中的Proteobacteria的α Proteobacteria和γ Proteobacteria影响明显 ,表明乙草胺会在一定程度上改变土壤细菌多样性更多还原

【Abstract】 The impact of the herbicide acetochlor on the culturable heterotrophic and phylogenetic diversity of the bacterial community in soil was investigated. The changes in diversity were monitored for soils treated with 1 0mg, 5 0mg and 10 0mg acetochlor g 1 soil for 40 day period respectively. The culturable heterotrophic bacterial diversity was investigated by colony morphology on solid LB medium. Phylogenetic diversity was measured by 16S rDNA fragments banding on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) gels, which were amplified from the total DNA extracted from soil. The Shannon Wiener index of diversity (H) , richness (S) and evenness (E H) were used to measure the changes in the bacterial community in soils. The results showed both the culturable heterotrophic diversity and phylogenetic diversity decreased as the treatment with acetochlor, and the different rates of treatment with acetochlor had different impact on the diversity. Bands appearing to be either enhanced or inhibited as a result of the acetochlor treatment were excised and sequenced. Sequencing of excised DGGE bands indicated an obvious impact on two subdivisions of the Proteobacteria (α Proteobacteria and γ Proteobacteria). This revealed microbial community changes can occur due to the application of acetochlor in soil.更多还原