【摘要】 通过人工降雨试验、土壤微形态观察以及理化分析 ,研究了几种土壤结皮形成过程及其影响因素 ,并利用SPSS统计分析了不同因素对结皮形成的影响程度。研究结果表明 ,土壤颗粒组成是土壤结皮形成的主导因素 ,而土壤结构指标、部分胶体性质与结皮形成关系不明确 ,并提出土壤粘粒矿物组成可能是土壤结皮形成的一个重要因素更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil and water loss is one of the most vital environm ental issues in China. Sinc e the 1930’s, soil scientists have been observing the role of soil crusting and sealing in the processes of soil erosion. They have found that the existence of soil crust always decreases the land in infiltration rate and roughness of the s urface, thus increasing runoff rate and anti splash ability of the soil. Some s t udies have demonstrated that erosion modulus and cumulated sediment yield increa se several or even dozens of times as much on crusted soils because soil crust a ugments kinetic energy of runoff, resulting in rill erosion. Unfortunately, crit ical values and related factors that affect forming process of soil crust are st ill not well understood. In order to clarify processes and factors of soil crust ing, several types of soils were studied through artificial precipitation, micro conformation observation and physical and chemical analysis, and extents of di f ferent factors affecting soil crusting were also analyzed by SPSS. Results indic ated that soil texture is the main factor for crusting, and soil clay minerals c omposition may be another main factor. Surprisingly, they also demonstrate that indexes of soil configuration and soil colloid have no obvious relationships wit h crusting and sealing.更多还原