【摘要】 由于原油中特别是高蜡原油中蜡含量过高 ,造成原油低温输送的困难 ,为了解决这一问题 ,目前采用的方法有物理法和化学法。物理法存在能量消耗大 ,设备投资多及后处理困难等缺点而较少采用。化学降凝的方法以操作简单、设备投资少 ,且不需要后处理等优点而被广泛采用。对原油降凝剂发展概况 ,降凝剂种类 ,降凝机理以及影响降凝效果的因素进行了阐述 ,并且对降凝剂分子设计的进展 ,现场应用效果以及其应用前景进行了分析和展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 High-wax crude oil is difficult to transport at low temperature. At present, many physical and chemical means are used to solve this problem. Physical methods have some defections such as high-energy consumption, high investment and difficult aftertreatment. On the contrary, chemical methods have been applied extensively because of its simple operation, low investment and non-aftertreatment. The article expounded the depressant’s developments, classes and mechanisms. The factors influencing the effect of the depressant were also expounded. It were made analysis and prediction that the development of the depressant molecule design and its technical application and prospect in the future.更多还原