【摘要】 从博弈论角度来研究退牧还草。首先 ,指出生态恶化的根源是 :由牧区政府与非牧区政府间的博弈 ,及同一牧区内各牧民间的博弈 ,所造成的双重负外部性。然后 ,说明制定旨在矫正这双重负外部性的政策时必须遵守的一个根本原则是 :此政策会导致帕累托改进后的纳什均衡出现。最后 ,根据此原则提出 ,矫正负外部性的一些具体建议或政策更多还原

【Abstract】 The article analyses turning breed-lands back into grass\|lands based on game theory.First,points out that ecology erosion roots in double-positive externality from game between farm-regions and non-farm-regions,between farmers in one farm-region.Then,it expounds the principle that a policy must be a nash-equilibrium of pareto-increase.At last,some suggestions to adjust positive externality are presented.更多还原