【摘要】 生态系统稳定性是理论生态学的焦点问题之一 ,综述和剖析生态系统稳定性的定义 ,对已有的定义进行了改进。生态系统稳定性是不超过生态阈值的生态系统的敏感性和恢复力。在这个概念中涉及到 3个概念 :生态阈值、敏感性和恢复力 ,阈值是生态系统在改变为另一个退化 (或进化 )系统前所能承受的干扰限度 ;敏感性是生态系统受到干扰后变化的大小和与其维持原有状态的时间 ;退化生态系统的恢复力就是消除干扰后生态系统能回到原有状态的能力 ,包括恢复速度和与原有状态的相似程度。在保护生态学中 ,阈值与恢复力的定义具有广泛的应用 ,特别是生态系统受到负面的干扰后而退化 ,退化的生态系统逐步恢复的过程可以利用恢复力来测定 ;而保护的成果就是力图避免干扰超过系统的阈值而达到一个实际的演替更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecosystem stability is one of the pivotal concepts in theoretical ecology and conservation biology. In this paper, the variety of existing definitions of ecosystem stability is reviewed, analyzed and amended. The measurement of ecosystem stability includes sensitivity, threshold and resiliency. Sensitivity measures the magnitude of alteration of state variables and the lag time of the alteration after a disturbance. Threshold measures the threshold level of a disturbance that alters an ecosystem to a different one. Resiliency measures the recovery ability of an ecosystem after a disturbance, including the recovery rate and similarity between the resiliency is only meaningful if a negative disturbance degrades an ecosystem and the original and the altered states. When applied in conservation practice, the concept of altered ecosystem recovers gradually. When a disturbance is the human remediation effort to enhance the complexity and ecosystem service of an ecosystem, namely a positive disturbance, the altered ecosystem many not return to the pre-disturbance condition. Our conservation effort needs to surpass the threshold level of the ecosystem to reach a practical success.更多还原