【摘要】 本文采用多坡段模型,运用模拟降雨实验方法研究了坡面侵蚀时空分布特征和上坡来水来沙的侵蚀作用,结果表明:坡面各部位的侵蚀方式与雨强密切对应。定量分析得出径流量、产沙量与坡度呈对数关系,与坡长呈线性关系,与雨强呈幂函数关系,建立了产沙量与坡度、雨强及径流量的关系式。同时也建立了产沙量、产沙增量与上坡来水来沙的关系方程,上坡来水使梁峁坡和谷坡产沙量增大了20 2%～63 5%和42 9%～74 5%。更多还原

【Abstract】 The spatial and temporal distributions of erosion on loess slope were studied by simulated rainfall experiment.The experimental hillslope model was consisted of four segments of loess slope with different gradients.The results showed that the evolution of erosion processes along different positions of the slope is closely related to rainfall intensity.The runoff and sediment yield are logarithmically related to slope gradient,linearly related to slope length and exponentially related to rainfall intensity.A formula for calculating the sediment yield according to the slope gradient,rainfall intensity and runoff was established.Furthermore,the effects of inflow from upperslope segment on runoff and sediment yield was also studied.It is found that the sediment yield increased by 20%-63% on hill slope and 43%-75% on gully slope respectively.更多还原