【摘要】 城市湖泊生态环境需水量包括:城市湖泊蒸发需水量、城市湖泊自身存在的需水量、生物栖息地的需水量、城市湖泊净化需水量、湖泊渗漏需水量、景观、娱乐需水量。需水量计算在遵循生态优先原则、兼容性原则、最大值原则和等级制原则的基础上,还应充分考虑时间性原则。计算了北京市六海各季节(冬季除外)生态环境需水量,结果表明:北京六海春、夏、秋及全年的最小生态环境需水量分别为:296 82、643 94、474 59和1415 35万m3,其中净化需水量分别占35 87%、71 23%、70 08%和63 42%。根据研究和计算结果,对改善六海生态环境提出了建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The eco-environmental water demand of urban lake include　the　water　 for evaporation, itself, habitat, pollutant cleaning, leakage and landscape. Apart from the calculation principles of the　priority to protect environment,compatibility, max and grade, and　that　timelines should be emphasized. A case study of six　lakes　of　Beijing six　lakes is mentioned, and　its　 water demand but　winter is calculated. The result is　that　the minimum water demand in spring is 296.82×10~4?m~3, in summer is 643.94×10~4?m~3, and in fall is 474.59×10~4?m~3, and the all-year water demand is 1?415.35×10~4?m~3. The percentages of the water demand for pollutant cleaning are 35.87%,71.23%,70.08% and 63.42% separately. According to the result, some suggestions about the development of the eco-environment of six lakes are presented.更多还原