【摘要】 为研究水/甲醇和柴油乳化液的流变特性与黏度,实验采用了Span80和Tween60配制的3种复合乳化剂Y01、Y02和Y03,它们的HLB值分别为5.36、4.83和4.51.Y03为牛顿流体,动力黏度约为1.5Pa·s.在高剪切速率下,Y01与Y02近似为牛顿流体,动力黏度分别为Y03的88%和92%.乳化液中水相(水与甲醇)总量为10%～50%,乳化剂含量0.8%～8%,动力黏度约在0.003Pa·s到0.02Pa·s之间,为牛顿流体.实验结果表明,如果其它条件不变,乳化液黏度变化规律为:乳化剂HLB值的不同对乳化剂黏度有较大影响;乳化剂含量对乳化液黏度有显著影响,特别当水相含量高于40%时,影响特别显著;提高水相含量(不超过50%),乳化液黏度上升,当水相含量超过40%时,乳化剂含量低于2%和高于4%对乳化液的黏度影响规律明显不同;水相中水与甲醇的比例变化时,对乳化液的黏度影响比较复杂.用乳化液相间界面特征和HLB特征可以从理论上解释上述现象.更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper studies the rheological properties and viscosities of the emulsions,made up of water, methanol and diesel fuel. The Span 80 and Tween 60 were employed to make three emulsifying agents Y01, Y02 and Y03 with an HLB (hydrophile-lipophile balance)value of 5.36, 4.83 and 4.51, respectively. Agents Y01 and Y02 are approximately Newtonian fluids, but Y03 is Newtonian fluid. The viscosity of Y03 is 1.5 Pa·s,the viscosities of Y01 and Y02 are 88% and (92%) of Y03.All the emulsions are Newtonian fluid, in which the percentage of the aqueous phase (water and methanol) is in the range of 10% and 50%, the percentage of emulsifying agent added is 0.8%-8.0%, and the viscosity is 0.003-(0.02) Pa·s.The experiment results show the following rules if other conditions are fixed: The different kinds of emulsifying agents with different HLB values have significant influence on the viscosity of the emulsions, even if the viscosities of the (agents) have a little difference. The different percentages of emulsifying agents have significant influences on the viscosities of the emulsions, especially when the aqueous phase content is higher than 40%. With the increase of the aqueous phase content in the emulsions (not more than 50%), the viscosities of the emulsions will increase, and the increase tends to be different for different agent contents when the aqueous phase is more than 40%, the gape between the agent content is between 2% and 4%. If the ratio of water to methanol in the emulsion is changed, the behaviors of emulsions will be complicated. All these phenomena mentioned above can be explained by the properties of the interface between the aqueous phase and the oil phase in emulsions and the HLB value of emulsifying agents.更多还原