【摘要】 目的　观察不同海拔下大鼠腺垂体促肾上腺皮质激素 (ACTH)细胞超微结构和内分泌功能的变化 ,探讨ACTH在机体对低氧应激反应中的作用 ,以及低氧和大鼠ACTH细胞分泌功能之间的关系。方法　将Wistar大鼠随机分为 170 0m、310 0m、4 0 5 0m三组 ,分别运至高原相应海拔地区 12天后 ,用免疫组织化学图像分析及电镜方法观察各组大鼠垂体ACTH细胞的变化。结果　对照组 (170 0m组 )大鼠垂体远侧部ACTH免疫反应阳性细胞内激素相对含量与 310 0m组、4 0 5 0m组相比均降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,而 310 0m组与 4 0 5 0m组之间相比无统计学意义。电镜下 310 0m和 4 0 5 0m组较对照组ACTH细胞分泌颗粒明显变大变多 ,且粗面内质网、线粒体等细胞器有所增加 ,核仁和胞浆也有相应变化。结论　低氧程度不同时 ,垂体ACTH内分泌细胞的内分泌功能和超微结构有一定的变化规律。提示ACTH可能是参与高原反应的重要生理和病理体液因子 ,并在短期高原低氧应激反应中有重要的调节作用更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To observe the changes of the endocrine function and the ultrastructure of adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) cells in the rat’s pituitary after being moved to different altitudes. To investigate the role of ACTH in the reaction of hypoxic stress and the relationship between hypoxia and the endocrine function of ACTH cells in the rat’s pituitary. Methods We divided Wistar rats into three groups (1700m, 3100m, 4050m) and moved them to high altitude areas for 12 days. The changes of ACTH cells in the rats’ pituitaries were observed by electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and image analysis. Results Image analysis showed there was a statistical significance in the content of intracellular hormone(P<0.01) between the 1700m group and the 3100m group or 4050m group, but there was no statistical significance between the 3100m group and the 4050m group. The secretory granules and cellular apparati such as the mitochondria and the rough endoplasmic reticula of ACTH cells in 3100m and 4050m groups were larger than the 1700m group’s, moreover, the nucleoli and cytoplasms have also produced corresponding changes. Conclusion Hypoxia has some effects on the endocrine function and the ultrastructure of ACTH cells in the rat’s pituitary. It showed that ACTH perhaps is a key physiologic and pathophysiologic factor for modulating the stress reaction to hypoxia at high altitude.更多还原