【摘要】 以几种不同基因型的冬小麦(Triticumaestivum)为材料,研究了低温预处理(单核早期的离体麦穗,4 ℃,处理3周)和高温饥饿胁迫(上述处理过的麦穗的花药,置于饥饿培养基B中,33 ℃处理4 d)对几种冬小麦基因型小孢子胚胎发生和植株再生的影响。结果表明:高温饥饿处理后,供试6种基因型都得到了诱导胚,其中F1-2获得的胚最多,为107.2/穗;低温预处理后,供试6种基因型中有5个基因型获得了诱导胚,说明高温饥饿处理可以在一定程度上克服基因型对胚胎发生的限制作用; 高温饥饿预处理后,可获得大量的小孢子胚胎,但胚胎发育缓慢,分化绿苗频率极低;低温处理诱导产生的胚胎虽然相对较少,但胚胎生长速度快,再生能力强,绿苗产量高,适合在加倍单倍体育种中应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Several genotypes of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were chosen for microspore embryogenesis and plant regeneration by cold pretreatment (4 ℃, 3 weeks, for spike in vitro), heat shock and starvation (33 ℃, 4 d , in a starvation medium B for excised anthers from cold-treated spikes). The results were showed below: In the six tested genotypes, embryos were all obtained from microspores, and 107.2 embryos were got per spike in the best genotype of F1-2; The microspore embryogenesis could be induced in cold pretreatment in only five tested genotypes; Much more microspore embryos were produced via heat shock and starvation than that of cold pretreatment, but these embryos were hard to regenerate later in A2R regeneration medium and most of the regeneration plants were albinos; And contrarily embryos triggered by cold pretreatment developed normally and rapidly, and most formed green plants in A2R medium. Thus, when isolated microspore culture was applied for doubled haploid breeding in wheat, cold pretreatment was preferred.更多还原