【摘要】 通过室内模拟试验、发酵试验和2年稻田水稻栽培试验验证了自选纤维分解菌的腐草效果。结果表明,环境条件在稻草腐解过程中起至关重要的作用,如适当的水分管理、良好的通气状况、较高土壤肥力和生物活性等有利于稻草快速降解。所选纤维分解菌在3种试验条件下均能明显的促进稻草快速腐解,且不同菌种混合接种的腐草效果好于单一菌种接种。室内模拟试验中施用纤维分解菌的稻草腐解率比未施用的30d内提高12.6%～22.8%。在较好的培养条件下,接种纤维分解菌的稻草腐解率比模拟田间条件下的自然腐解率30d内提高42.7%～59.9%。田间试验表明,稻草翻埋并接种纤维分解菌的稻草腐解率比稻草翻埋不接种的对照60d内提高3.5%,稻草覆盖并接种纤维分解菌的稻草腐解率比稻草覆盖不接种的对照60d内提高10.7%。连续2年的田间试验表明稻草还田结合此菌剂的施用,可减轻和防止多量稻草还田给水稻生长带来的不利影响,提高水稻的结实率、千粒重和每穗总粒数,从而提高水稻的产量,以稻草覆盖的产量提高较明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ba se d on organic resource waste and pollution of environment resulting fromthe super fluous rice straw,we h ave screened some favorable cellulose decomposition micr obes from paddy soil and residua of firedamp pool in order to enhance decay of r ice straw returned into paddy field.The effec ts of favorable cellulose decompo sition microbe consortia on decaying r ates of rice straw were tested under indo or simulation,ferment and field trials conditions.The results showed that envi ronment co nditions were very im-portant in decomposition of rice str aw.Prope r moisture,better ventila te and higher fertility of soil were p ropitious to d ecomposition of rice straw.Addition of favorable ce llulose decomposition micro be consortia enabled rapid decomposition o f rice straw under three conditions a nd decomposition rate o f rice straw with mix inoculation of different microbes was higher than th at with inoculation of single microbe.We have selected bette r microbes combined and tested its effects on decomposition of rice str aw,the results showed that compared with the comparison simulated paddy field natural c onditi on,addition of microbes increased t he decomposition rate of rice straw by 12.6%～22.8%in 30-day s imulation trial and 42.7%～59.9 %in 30-day ferment trial,compared with e ach control treatment,while addit ion o f microbe consortia increased the sixty-day decomposition rate of rice s traw by 3.5%with rice straw returned in soil and 10.7%with rice straw returned on soil surface i n field trial.Our test indicated that the combined a ppli-cation of rice straw and favorable cellulose decomposition microbe consort ia in paddy field can prevent rice plant from bad influence of toxicants resulti ng from rice str aw decomposition,accelerate growt h of rice,increase rice yie ld mainly due to improving rice e-conomic properties,namely increasing rice fe rtility,1000-grain weight and grains/ear in c ontinual two-year field trial .The combined application of rice strawa nd favorable cellulose decomposi tion microbe consortia in paddy field c an save labour and energy,increase agri culture production efficiency,as well as enable rapid dec ay of rice straw in p addy field and qui cker nutrient release,reduce fertilizer cost and environm en t pollution,that is a simple,appl ied agriculture produce measure and has very wide popularizing and using foreground.更多还原