【摘要】 黔西北土法炼锌及铅锌选矿厂对河流造成严重的重金属污染。河流沉积物中重金属的化学形态研究表明,同一采样点中不同重金属的形态分布和同一重金属在不同采样点中的形态分布均有较大差异。这可能与沉积物组分的不同亲和力,不同河段沉积物中粘土矿物、有机质、Fe Mn氧化物含量的不同以及人为活动(生活污水、选矿剂、矿渣等)的加入等有关,而碳酸盐岩地质背景的河床本身可能也有较大影响。潜在生态危害指数法研究表明,沉积物中重金属表现出强生态风险性,产生生态危害的主要重金属污染物是Pb,其后依次是Cd、Cu和Zn。更多还原

【Abstract】 Waste from local zinc smelting and lead and zinc milling plants using traditional techniques have severely polluted rivers with heavy metals in the Northwest of Guizhou.Studies on geochemical fractions of heavy metals in the sediment in the Hou River bed reveal that geochemical fractions of heavy metals differed sharply not only between sample sites,but also between elements,which is possibly related to difference in affinity between heavy metals and components of the sediment,contents of clay minerals,organic matter and Fe-Mn oxides in different river sections,and intensity of human activities(discharge of domestic sewage,wastewater from ore milling,slag,etc.).The carbonatite background of the river beds may also be a contributor to release of heavy metals in waste from mining.Assessment of their ecological risks shows that the potential ecological hazards of heavy metals in the sediment are serious.The main factor causing ecological hazards is lead,and then followed by cadmium,copper,zinc.更多还原