【摘要】 综述现存有机溶剂分离膜的不同结构特点,分析膜结构对溶剂渗透性能的影响.围绕溶剂渗透过程的溶解-扩散机理模型,重点阐述预测溶解性的溶液热力学理论和计算扩散系数的自由体积理论,强调化工热力学理论对新型溶剂分离膜开发的指导作用.在此基础上,提出膜材料和膜结构相互协调,利用物性推算法进行有机溶剂分离膜材料设计的思想.更多还原

【Abstract】 The various structures of the present organic solvent separation membranes and compares their merits and demerits are reviewed when these membranes are used in pervaporation or vapor permeation process.Solution-diffusion theory has been demonstrated as a useful tool to describe solvent permeation through polymeric memˉbranes;solvent solubility and diffusivity determine membrane separation performance.Based on intensive study on solution thermodynamics and free volume theory,a novel methodology is proposed to design organic solvent separation membrane,including prediction solubility by GCLF-EOS model,calculation diffusion coefficient by free volume theory and estimation swelling constrain effect of the porous substrate membrane.更多还原