【摘要】 目的 :了解安徽省铜陵地区临床分离菌株耐药状况。方法 :2 0 0 3年 1- 12月铜陵地区临床分离菌株用Kirby Bauer法进行药敏试验。结果 :918株细菌中革兰阳性菌 393株占 4 2 .8% ,革兰阴性菌 5 2 5株占 5 7.2 %。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 (金葡菌 )和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 (MRCNS)分别占金葡菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 (CNS)的 35 .4 %和 85 .6 %。金葡菌和CNS对青霉素、氨苄西林及庆大霉素等均高度耐药 ,对利福平、磷霉素及氯霉素的耐药率均较低 ;未见耐万古霉素葡萄球菌。粪肠球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林的耐药率较低 ,对利福平、磷霉素、万古霉素和替考拉宁无耐药 ;屎肠球菌对万古霉素和替考拉宁也无耐药。大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属中产超广谱 β内酰胺酶 (ESBLs)株分别占 32 .7%和 33.9% ,产ESBLs株对16种抗菌药物的耐药率均较不产ESBLs株高 ,对亚胺培南均无耐药。结论 :细菌耐药有一定的地区性 ,定期对本地区细菌耐药性进行监测 ,对合理使用抗菌药物、减少耐药菌株的产生和流行有重要临床指导价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the bacterial re sist ance of clinical isolates in Tongling area . Methods: Anti m icrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates were tested by Kirby-Bauer method. Results: Of 918 clinical isolates, gram positive organism s accounted for 42.8%, gram negative organisms 57.2%. MRSA and MRCNS accounted f or 35.4% and 85.6% of S. aureus. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci respect ively, and S. aureus. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci were highly resistan t to penicillin, ampicillin and gentamicin, but had lower resistance rate to rif ampicin, fosfomycin and chloramphenicol. No vancomycin resistant strains of St aphylococcus spp. were found. The resistance rates to penicillin and ampicilli n was lower in E. faecalis than in E. faecium. No isolates of E. faec alis or E. faecium resistant to rifampicin, fosfomycin, vancomycin, or tei coplanin were found. 32.7% of E.coli and 33.9% of Klebsiella isolates were e xtended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producers respectively. The resistance rates of ESBLs producing strains to 16 antimicrobial agents were much higher tha n those of non-ESBLs-producing strains. No imipenem resistant isolate was foun d. Conclusions: Bacterial resistance pattern are differnt in different regions. Surveillance of bacterial resistance is of great importance to both rational use of antibiotics and reducing the emergence of resistant stra ins. [更多还原