【摘要】 CLIMEX是通过物种已知地理分布区域的气候参数来预测物种潜在分布区的软件。 1 999年发布了最新版即CLIMEXforWindows 1 1。CLIMEX有 2个基本假设 :( 1 )物种在 1年内经历 2个时期 ,即适合种群增长时期和不适合以至于危及生存的时期 ;( 2 )气候是影响物种分布的主要因素 ,并利用增长指数、胁迫指数和限制条件 (滞育和有效积温 )描述物种对气候的不同反应 ,这 2组参数构成生态气候指数 ,作为全面描述物种在某地区和年份适合度的指标。模型预测结果以表、图和地图输出。CLIMEX可以用于检疫、生物防治、有害生物风险分析、害虫管理和流行病的预测等。目前已经用于几十种有害生物的适生性研究。该文通过拟和松墨天牛在中国的分布区为例说明CLIMEX的用法 ,并根据松墨天牛在亚洲东部的气候条件 ,预测其在全球的潜在适生区 ,为动植物检疫部门及时采取相应措施控制松材线虫的进一步扩散提供科学依据更多还原

【Abstract】 CLIMEX is a professional biological software, which enables to predict the potential distribution of species, using biological data and climate parameters inferred from observed distribution. The latest version, CLIMEX for Windows 1.1, is presented in 1999. There are two assumptions in CLIMEX: (1) species experience a season that is favorable for population growth, and one that is unfavorable and jeopardize population persistence; (2) the potential distribution is determined by climate, which is presented by a set of parameters describing the subject species response to climate. Stress indices describe the probability of the species survival during the unfavorable season. Growth indices describe the potential growth of a population during the favorable season. Two limiting conditions include obligate diapause and the length of growing season. The growth and stress indices are combined into an “Ecoclimatic Index"( EI ), to show an overall measure of favorableness of the species at a particular location and year. The results are presented as tables, graphs or maps. CLIMEX is applied in such areas as quarantine, biological control, pest management, epidemiology and etc. Examples of studied subject species are Brachycaudus rumexicolen, Leptinoatarsa decemlineata, Ceratitis capitata, Hyphantria cunea, Cydia pomonella, Diuraphis noxia, Lissorhoptrus orgzophilus, Popillia japonica and etc. This paper shows how to use CLIMEX by simulating distribution of M. alternatus Hope in China. Finally, a global map for the potential distribution of Monochamus alternatus is presented, which is useful to quarantine institution to limit Bursaphelenchus xylophilus spread.更多还原