【摘要】 目的 :探讨人胎儿和新生儿肾小体发育的变化规律。方法 :应用体视学方法对 2 6例人胎及 6例新生儿肾小体、血管球体积密度、数密度等各项参数进行观测。结果 :肾小体和血管球的数密度、表面积密度随胎龄增大而增大 ;而平均体积、平均截面积、平均截面直径、平均卡规直径及平均自由程均随胎龄增大而减小 ;体积密度变化不明显 ;皮质肾小体和血管球的平均体积、平均截面积、平均截面直径、平均卡规直径明显小于髓旁肾小体和血管球 ;而数密度前者则明显大于后者 ;弓状动脉平均直径及管壁平均厚度随胎龄增大而增大。结论 :胎儿肾小体、血管球数目随胎龄增大而增多 ,体积则随胎龄增大而变小 ,单位体积相对恒定 ,血供逐渐丰富更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To study the development of renal corpuscle of human fetal and infants. Methods: Parameters of the volume density(V v), numerical densities(N v) and so on of renal corpuscles and glomeruli of 26 human fetuses and 6 infants were studied with stereological methods. Results: The numerical densities and surface density(S v) of the renal corpuscles and glomeruli increased but their mean volumes(), mean sectional surface area(),mean sectional diameters(), mean caliper diameters () decreased. There were no significant changes in volume density. The mean sectional diameter, mean sectional surface area and mean volumes of the renal corpuscle and glomeruli in the outer and middle cortex were greater than those in the inner medulla. The numerical densities of the renal corpuscle and glomeruli in the outer and middle cortex were much smaller than those in the inner medulla. The mean sectional diameters and thickness of arch artery increased with fetal development. Conclusion: The quantity of the renal corpuscles increased and (glomeruli decrease) with fetal development, while the unit volume remains relatively constant; the blood supply gradually increases.更多还原