【摘要】 分别以室温离子液体 1 丁基 3 甲基 咪唑四氟硼酸盐和 1 己基 3 甲基 咪唑四氟硼酸盐为介质 ,采用有机化合物热分解的方法制备了尺寸和结构均可控的金属Ni纳米微粒 .采用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜和傅立叶红外光谱仪对所制备的样品进行了结构表征 .X射线衍射结果表明 :以 1 丁基 3 甲基 -咪唑四氟硼酸盐为介质制备的Ni纳米微粒具有立方相结构 ,而以 1 己基 3 甲基 -咪唑四氟硼酸盐为介质制备的Ni纳米微粒具有六方相结构 .透射电子显微镜结果表明 :随着反应原料浓度的不同所制备的纳米微粒具有不同的粒径 .傅立叶红外光谱表明 :离子液体不但作为反应的介质而且作为修饰剂修饰在了Ni纳米微粒的表面 ,从而有效地阻止了Ni纳米微粒的团聚和氧化 .更多还原

【Abstract】 Three kinds of Ni nanoparticles were synthesized in two kinds of room temperature ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methyl limidizaolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm][BF 4]) and 1-hexyl-3-methyl limidizaolium tetrafluoroborate ([HMIm][BF 4]), respectively, via thermolysis of nickel formate at 250 ℃. The structures of the Ni nanoparticles were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The XRD results indicate that the nanoparticles synthesized in [BMIm][BF 4] have cubic structure or hexagonal structure synthesized in [HMIm][BF 4]. The TEM results indicate that the nanoparticles have different diameter under different concentration at the same thermolysis temperature. So, by adjusting the concentration of the nickel formate, the Ni nanoparticle size can be expediently controlled. The FT-IR results indicate that the surface of the Ni nanoparticles was modified with the room temperature ionic liquid. So it is concluded that Ni nanoparticles with tunable size and controllable structure can be expediently prepared in room temperature ionic liquid. The proposed formation mechanism of the Ni nanoparticles was also discussed.更多还原