【摘要】 用Winsor型相图、δ—γ“鱼状”相图和改进的ε—β“鱼状”相图研究了混合碳链烷基聚葡糖苷 (APG :C8/10 G1.3 1和C12 /14 G1.43 )中相微乳液的相行为 .结果表明 ,随醇浓度的增加 ,微乳液类型发生WinsorI→III→II的转变 .从Winsor型相图直接观察到醇浓度增加时 ,微乳液三种类型的变化、各相体积以及中相微乳液形成和消失时醇的浓度 .从“鱼状”相图除得到中相微乳液形成和消失时的组成 ,以及单相微乳液形成时的组成外 ,还可得到平衡界面膜的组成、表面活性剂单体分子和醇在油相中的溶解度及表面活性剂形成单相微乳液的效能等 .在比较上述两种相图优缺点的基础上 ,我们首次提出了改进的“鱼状”相图 ,把两者的优点集中于该图中 .既能直观地观察出体系相态的变化 ,又能得到平衡界面膜的组成等其它性质 ,为理论和实际应用提供更多信息和方便 .更多还原

【Abstract】 The phase behavior of the middle-phase microemulsion for the quaternary system of the mixed-chain alkyl polyglucoside (C 8/10APG or C 12/14APG)/1-butanol/n-octane/water has been studied with Winsor phase diagram, δ-γ fishlike and modified ε-β fishlike phase diagrams. A series of phase changes Winsor I→III→II were observed from above three kinds of phase diagrams with increasing the concentration of alcohol. It was observed from the Winsor phase diagram that the phase types, the phase volumes and the concentrations of alcohol at the start point and end point of the Winsor microemulsion formation change with the increase of the concentration of alcohol. From the δ-γ fishlike phase diagram, some important parameters were calculated, such as the mass fraction of 1-butanol in the hydrophile-lipophile balanced interfacial layer, AS, the coordinates of the start point and the end point of the Winsor microemulsion formation, and the solubilities of APG and 1-butanol in n-octane phase. The modified ε-β fishlike phase diagram was presented for the first time by us. With the ε-β fishlike phase diagram, the above experimental phenomena were observed and the physico-chemical parameters were calculated precisely. The ε-β fishlike phase diagram has some advantages over the Winsor and δ-γ fishlike phase diagrams in visual observations of the phase changes, and calculation of the related physico-chemical parameters.更多还原