【摘要】 从心理语言学的角度分析,阅读理解的成败在很大程度上取决于读者对阅读材料主题的先期了解——即"图示"。如果阅读过程中图示出现空缺,理解就会遇到障碍;填补空缺,阅读活动便可顺利完成。语言图示空缺与自下而上阅读模式中语言认知能力有关;内容图示则影响到自上而下阅读模式中读者预测、验证和把握阅读材料的主题理解,涉及语言本体意义之外的知识。更多还原

【Abstract】 Psycholinguists say that the success of reading comprehension depends on the readers’ prior knowledge of the text, which is called "schemata." If schema slots occur, reading comprehension encounters obstacles. Slots filled up, reading activity will smoothly continue. Linguistic schema-slot relates to cognitive abilities in the bottom-up reading model. But content schema-slot correlates with the prediction, examination and controlling of the theme of the text, which implies the knowledge outside the written words themselves.更多还原