【摘要】 目的　经岩乙状窦前入路中 ,行岩骨磨除及术野显露方法的研究。方法　成人头颈标本 1 0具。显微镜下模拟经岩乙状窦前入路 ,研究岩骨磨除安全范围及术野可暴露范围。结果　①弓气房位于前半规管外侧 ,外半规管上方 ,存在率 1 0 0 %⑨其内壁可见上半规管切迹 ;迷路下气房体积大 ,前方为颈静脉球部 ,上壁可见后半规管切迹⑧与岩上窦 -乙状窦交汇点 (PS点 )距离为 2 3.5 9mm± 3.72mm ;②岩骨嵴阻挡显露幕下窝的视野 ,磨除至内听道上结节后可完全暴露中上斜坡。结论　经岩乙状窦前入路术野显露优劣与前后半规管轮廓化及岩骨嵴磨除程度密切相关 ;弓气房及鼓室可作为轮廓化前半规管的定位标志 ;迷路下气房 ,前庭水管可作为轮廓化后半规管的定位标记 ,充分显露中上斜坡颅底组织结构需磨除岩骨嵴至外耳道上结节中点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To provide anatomic basis for clinical application to grind petrous bones with presigmoid approach for .Neurosurgery. Method A microanatomy study of petrous bone within Presigmoid Approach on ten cadaveric adult head specimens.Results ①Air cell of superior semicircular canal is located at the superior to the lateral semicircular canal,the presence is 100%,and the infralabyrintheine air cell is retral to the buld of jugular vein. The distance between the infralabyrintheine air cell and the point of sigmoid sinus and superior petrosal sinus (PS) is 23.59±3.72mm .②The crest of the petrous bones (CPB) is the main baffle to unfold the space bellow the tentorium cerebelli. To drill the CPB behind the superior thyroid tubercle of internal auditory artery can unfold the operative field of the upslope and middleslope. Conclusion The effect to unfold the field of operation within the presigmoid approach is correlative with the standard exposure of bony semicircular canal and the drilling extent of the CPB. The air cells of superior semicircular canal and the middle ear can be the landmark to expose superior semicircular canal as well as the infralabyrintheine air cell to the posterior semicircular canal. To drill the CPB sufficiently is the key to unfold the field of upslope and middleslope well.更多还原