【摘要】 目的　探讨重型颅脑损伤患者医院感染的临床特点与预防措施。方法　对 6 4 0例重型颅脑损伤患者医院感染情况进行回顾性分析 (包括感染部位、细菌培养、药敏试验等 ) ,并结合医院实际情况提出预防对策。结果　 6 4 0例重型颅脑损伤患者医院感染 98例 ,感染率为 15 31% ,显著高于同期医院平均感染率 (4 0 8% )。感染部位分布 :呼吸道最高 ,为15 16 % ,其次为泌尿道感染 9 6 9%。感染病原体主要是革兰氏阴性菌占 5 8 93% ,其中以铜绿假单孢菌、大肠埃希菌为主 ,敏感抗生素为亚胺培能 ;其次是真菌占 32 14 % ,敏感抗生素为氟康唑 ;革兰氏阳性菌占 8 93% ,其中以金黄色葡萄球菌为主 ,敏感抗生素为万古霉素。结论　重型颅脑损伤患者是易发医院感染的主要高危人群。通过严格病房管理、消毒隔离、无菌操作及合理使用抗生素 ,有利于控制医院感染的发生更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study on clinical characteristics of hospital acquired infections and preventive interventions in patients of traumatic brain injury.Method 640 patients with severe brain injury studied retrospectively,the infected part of body,bacteria culture and drug susceptibility were analyzed;preventive interventions were applied collaboratively.Results 98 cases had got hospital acquired infections,the infective rate was15 31%,higher then average hospital acquired infection rate(4.08%).The distrubution of the infection were:respiratory tract infection was the topone(15.16%),the second was urinary tract infection(9.69%).Pathogens detected were gram-negative bacilli detected were Pseudomonas areuginose and Escherichia coli,they were sensitive to Imipenem;Fungi were sensitive to Fluconazole;and the main strain of Gram-positive bacilli detected was Staphylococcus aureus,it was sensitive to Vancomycin.Conclusion The patients with severe brain injury were easy to get hospital acquird infections.Selecting antibiotic correctly and performing sterile technique seriously play the key role in controling hospital acquired infections.更多还原